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Image analysis of soil failure on defective underground pipe due to cyclic water supply and drainage using X-ray CT

Toshifumi MUKUNOKI, Naoko KUMANO, Jun OTANI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第2期页码 85-100 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0159-5

摘要： The ground subsidence on the underground pipe often is caused with the reduction of the effective stress and the loss of suction in the base course and then, soil drainage into the pipe. The final formation of the cavity growth in the ground was observed as the ground subsidence. Authors focused this problem and hence performed model tests with water-inflow and drainage cycle in the model ground. The mechanism of cavity generation in the model ground was observed using an X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) scanner. In those studies, water was supplied into the model grounds from the defected underground pipe model in case of the change of relative density and grain size distribution. As results, it was observed that the loosening area was generated from the defected part with water-inflow and some of the soil particles in the ground were drained into the underground pipe through the defected part. And afterward, the cavity was generated just above the defected part of the model pipe in the ground. Based on this observation, it might be said that the bulk density of soil around the defected pipe played one of key factor to generate the cavity in the ground. Moreover, the dimension of the defected part should be related to the magnification of the ground subsidence, in particular, crack width on a sewerage pipe and particle size would be the quantitative factor to evaluate the magnification of the ground subsidence. ?In this paper, it was concluded that the low relative density of soil would become the critical factor to cause the fatal failure of model ground if the maximum grain size was close to the dimension of crack width of defective part. The fatal collapse of the ground with high relative density more than 80% would be avoided in a few cycles of water inflow and soil drainage.

关键词： relative density grain property model test road subsidence underground pipe image processing X-ray CT

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Analysis of spinal lumbar interbody fusion cage subsidence using Taguchi method, finite element analysis

Christopher John NASSAU, N. Scott LITOFSKY, Yuyi LIN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第7卷第3期页码 247-255 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0335-2

摘要：

Subsidence, when implant penetration induces failure of the vertebral body, occurs commonly after spinal reconstruction. Anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) cages may subside into the vertebral body and lead to kyphotic deformity. No previous studies have utilized an artificial neural network (ANN) for the design of a spinal interbody fusion cage. In this study, the neural network was applied after initiation from a Taguchi L₁₈ orthogonal design array. Three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) was performed to address the resistance to subsidence based on the design changes of the material and cage contact region, including design of the ridges and size of the graft area. The calculated subsidence is derived from the ANN objective function which is defined as the resulting maximum von Mises stress (VMS) on the surface of a simulated bone body after axial compressive loading. The ANN was found to have minimized the bone surface VMS, thereby optimizing the ALIF cage given the design space. Therefore, the Taguchi-FEA-ANN approach can serve as an effective procedure for designing a spinal fusion cage and improving the biomechanical properties.

关键词： anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) artificial neural network (ANN) finite element interbody cage lumbar interbody fusion subsidence taguchi method

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开采地面沉陷预测的自适应神经模糊推理方法研究

丁德馨,张志军,毕忠伟

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第1期页码 33-39

摘要：

　现行各种开采地面沉陷预测方法均存在着一个共同的缺陷，均不能在集成以往开采地面沉陷工程实例的基础上对某一地下采矿工程所引起的地面沉陷进行预测，而只能根据某种物理的或力学的方法对其进行预测。人类在工程实践中所创造的开采地面沉陷方面的经验是非常宝贵的财富，应当在建立开采地面沉陷预测方法时加以充分利用。以所收集的开采地面沉陷工程实例为基础现行各种开采地面沉陷预测方法均存在着一个共同的缺陷，均不能在集成以往开采地面沉陷工程实例的基础上对某一地下采矿工程所引起的地面沉陷进行预测，而只能根据某种物理的或力学的

关键词：地下开采开采地面沉陷自适应神经模糊推理系统

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第三沉降带应力场研究

闫治涛,刘建中,邱金平, 金丽华

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第2期页码 33-35

摘要：

介绍了第三沉降带的分布，监测得出的大量人工裂缝方向数据及由人工裂缝方向数据统计得出的最大水平主应力方向。结果表明，第三沉降带由北向南绵延１５００ km，最大水平主应力方向大体稳定，分布在５５°～７５° NE范围，多为６５° NE。由监测结果可以判断，第三沉降带的构造应力方向是南亚板块及菲律宾板块共同作用的结果。

关键词：微地震法人工裂缝监测第三沉降带最大水平主应力方向压裂施工

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Characteristics and application of road absorbing solar energy

Zhihua ZHOU, Shan HU, Xiaoyan ZHANG, Jian ZUO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第4期页码 525-534 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0278-2

摘要： If the heat of road surface can be stored in summer, the road surface temperature will be decreased to prevent permanent deformation of pavement. Besides, if the heat stored is released, it can supply heat for buildings or raise the road surface temperature for snow melting in winter. A road-solar energy system was built in this study, and the heat transfer mechanism and effect of the system were analyzed according to the monitored solar radiant heat, the solar energy absorbed by road and the heat stored by soil. The results showed that the road surface temperature was mainly affected by solar radiation, but the effect is hysteretic in nature. The temperature of the solar road surface was 3°C–6°C lower than that of the ordinary road surface. The temperature of the solar road along the vertical direction was 2°C–5°C lower than that of the ordinary road. The temperature difference increased as the distance to the heat transfer tubes decreased. The average solar collector efficiency of the system was 14.4%, and the average solar absorptivity of road surface was 36%.

关键词： solar energy road-solar energy system road surface temperature solar absorptivity of road surface solar collector efficiency of system

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Development and road performance of clear asphalt with high transparency and adhesion

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第2期页码 238-255 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0898-x

摘要： Clear asphalt (CA) currently used in light-colored asphalt mixtures (LCAM) exhibits poor transparency and adhesion. Therefore, a highly transparent CA (HCA) modified using a silane coupling agent (KH550) was prepared. Furthermore, LCAM was prepared by mixing CA and limestone aggregates. The properties of the HCA and ordinary CA (OCA) were characterized using conventional asphalt tests, optical tests, pull-off tests, ultraviolet aging tests, dynamic shear rheometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. Whereas Marshall, moisture resistance, wheel tracking, trabecular bending, and British pendulum tests were employed for the LCAM. The transmittance and spectral reflectance of the HCA were 123.30 and 3.74 times greater than those of the OCA, respectively. The complex modulus and viscosity-aging index of the HCA were 48% and 53% less than those of the OCA, respectively. After modification with KH550, the Marshall stability ratio, tensile strength ratio, and flexural strain of the HCA-prepared LCAM increased by 12.92%, 25.06%, and 23.90%, respectively. However, the rutting resistance of the HCA-prepared LCAM was 14.3% less than that of the OCA-prepared LCAM. The comprehensive performances of the HCA and HCA-prepared LCAM were 49.2% and 10.3% greater than those of the OCA and OCA-prepared LCAM, respectively, indicating a high application value in the future.

关键词： light-colored asphalt pavement orthogonal test road performance spectral reflectance silane-coupling agent

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Special issue: Management of road and railway traffic and transportation engineering

Yongfu SUN, Ziyou GAO

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第4期页码 385-387 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017110

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Rational Understanding about Renaissance Path of China's Road and Bridge Engineering

Mao-run Feng,Zheng-song Zhao

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第1期页码 42-51 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014013

摘要： At the turn of this century, China began the largest road and bridge development in the world, which has virtuously interacted with the social and economic development and has elevated the engineering technology to world-class level. Surveying the development of world transportation, and comparing the road and bridge construction efforts of Europe, U.S.A, Japan and China, general experiences of success can be derived as follows: It is greatly beneficial to give priority to transportation for economic development; it takes national strategy and social action to build up a transportation network; demand and innovation are the driving forces to upgrade road and bridge technology; management innovation and quality assurance can greatly improve development caliber. While rationally acknowledging China's transportation infrastructure achievements, we should reflect on issues with Chinese characteristics that have affected quality and efficiency, expose all construction practices that violate scientific law, overall management defects in road and bridge construction and maintenance, and search for new ways to strengthen social management and the creation of a healthy soft environment.

关键词： road network expressway bridge project technological innovation construction management social management

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Quantification of emission variability for off-road equipment in China based on real-world measurements

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1455-x

摘要：

• Emissions from 53 in-use diesel-fueled off-road equipment were measured.

关键词： Off-road equipment Portable emission measurement system (PEMS) Real-world emissions Diesel engine

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“Heavenly Road”: The Qinghai–Tibet Railway

Yongfu SUN

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第2期页码 304-307 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0079-3

摘要： Xiaobo WANG. [J]. Front. Eng, 2019, 6(1): 131-137.Peter REDFERN, Hua ZHONG. [J]. Front. Eng, 2017, 4(2): 193-200.Qixiang FAN. [J]. Front. Eng, 2017, 4(2): 231-237.Ming-zhou Liu,Cong-hu Liu,Mao-gen Ge,Yuan Zhang,Qing-hua Zhu. [J]. Front. Eng, 2016, 3(2): 144-146.Yu Zhao,Sheng-quan Wang,Ke-chao Zhu. [J]. Front. Eng, 2015, 2(1): 35-38.Ru-gui Chen,Jia-meng Chen. [J]. Front. Eng, 2014, 1(1): 52-61.An Wang. [J]. Front. Eng, 2014, 1(1): 13-17.

关键词： permafrost protection sustainable development health guarantee system

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无损检测技术评估和检测道路性能

郭成超,许朋飞,钟燕辉

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第6期页码 72-79 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.06.011

摘要：

目前，在我国的基础设施管理方面，存在维修工作安排不当、养护维修不及时、维修预算支出庞大等问题。因此，为了保障道路安全，防止发生灾难性的破坏，需要采取快速、有效的养护管理方法，以提高道路的使用寿命。根据美国材料与试验协会（ASTM）路面状况评价标准，本文介绍了五种道路无损检测技术和设备：落锤式弯沉仪、探地雷达、宏观构造深度、国际平整度指数和面波的频谱分析，并分别介绍了每种检测技术的工作原理和运用方法，以指导相关人员结合实际合理选用。运用这几种检测方法将会在不封闭交通的情况下加快评估速度，并为搭建一个高效、智能的路网监测系统提供技术支持，为道路的可持续发展、资金的高效利用提供切实可行的方法。

关键词：道路检测道路病害无损检测

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Impacts of opening baffle of city road tunnels on natural ventilation performance

Weixiao YANG, Jincheng XING, Jianxing LI, Jihong LING, Haixian HAO, Zhiqiang YAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第1期页码 55-61 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0194-x

摘要： Based on the opening baffle mode for natural ventilation of city road tunnels, this paper studies the impacts of opening baffle on natural ventilation performance by verifying numerical simulation through model tests. By analyzing the impacts of installation angle, dimension, location, and quantity of opening baffle on ventilation performance, the paper reached the conclusions as follows: 1) When installation angle is larger than 45° and tunnel ventilation is well operated, the baffle exhaust could increase by at least 30% compared to when there is no baffle. 2) The baffle reaches its optimal performance when the length of the baffle is equal to the width of the city road tunnels. 3) Baffle exhaust could increase by 30% when it is installed in the downstream of openings. 4) The performance of a single baffle is better than that of multiple baffles.

关键词： city road tunnel numerical simulation baffle top opening natural ventilation

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Green Road Construction Technologies in Guangzhou

Guan-feng An,Wen-yuan Huang,Jing-feng Zhang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第1期页码 80-86 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016002

摘要： Total road pavement in Guangzhou reaches 77 ×10 m . Its huge maintenance and potential rehabilitation calls for a green road system. This paper presents a discussion, first about green road construction technologies together with their applications and development like reclaimed asphalt pavement, rubberized asphalt pavement, and warm mix asphalt; and then, about the key obstacles for promotion and activities, primarily for green road promotion, in the perspectives of the current technical and application situations in China and separately in Guangzhou. Based on environmental and conditional analysis, as well as a development expectation from an industrial viewpoint, this paper creates a development trend of green road technologies.

关键词： road green construction recycling of waste asphalt rubber asphalt

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Connecting the Belt and Road through sea-rail collaboration

Chenhao ZHOU, Haobin LI, Wencheng WANG, Loo Hay LEE, Ek Peng CHEW

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第3期页码 315-324 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017031

摘要： As part of China’s “the Belt and Road” strategy, China Railway Express provides alternative shipping routes and transportation modes from Asia to Europe and creates new opportunities for intermodal transportation in the shipping industry. A time–distance-based cost (time cost) function was proposed to compare China Railway Express with traditional transportation modes. Time cost was related to different types of cargoes, which exhibit distinct sensitivity to time. Using the proposed cost function as basis, we identified the cost indifference area where total costs are equal. Further analysis was performed for selecting the transportation mode and supply area for a specific cargo. This study provides various parties, such as business owners, the government, and the shipping industry, with many valuable insights.

关键词： China Railway Express the Belt and Road shipping industry combined transportation

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Simulation model based on Monte Carlo method for traffic assignment in local area road network

Yuchuan DU, Yuanjing GENG, Lijun SUN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 195-203 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0032-3

摘要： For a local area road network, the available traffic data of traveling are the flow volumes in the key intersections, not the complete OD matrix. Considering the circumstance characteristic and the data availability of a local area road network, a new model for traffic assignment based on Monte Carlo simulation of intersection turning movement is provided in this paper. For good stability in temporal sequence, turning ratio is adopted as the important parameter of this model. The formulation for local area road network assignment problems is proposed on the assumption of random turning behavior. The traffic assignment model based on the Monte Carlo method has been used in traffic analysis for an actual urban road network. The results comparing surveying traffic flow data and determining flow data by the previous model verify the applicability and validity of the proposed methodology.

关键词： traffic assignment local area road network turning ratio Monte Carlo method